California State Electric Bike Laws
How does California define what an electric bike is?
Per the California (CA) Vehicle Code, electric bicycles are considered conventional bikes. Electric bike motors must disengage when brakes are applied and use a switch or mechanism that, when released, will cause the motor function to cease.
In 2025, California introduced several key changes, primarily focused on clarifying definitions and limiting power and speed. eBikes are classified into three classes, with Class 1 and 3 being pedal-assist only, meaning they cannot use a throttle. Class 3 e-bikes have a maximum assisted speed of 28 mph, while Class 1 eBikes are limited to 20 mph. All eBikes must be limited to a 750-watt motor and have functional pedals. Class 2 bikes can include a throttle that ceases to function when speed reaches 20 mph.
Do you need a license, insurance, or registration in California?
Riders do not require a license, and registration is not required.
What are the restrictions on Motor power or throttle in California?
The motor of an electric bicycle cannot exceed 750 watts. Throttles are permitted on class 2 bikes only. Class 2 bikes may not exceed 20 mph.
Are there any age restrictions to riding an electric bike in California?
You must be at least 16 years old to ride a class 3 eBike.
What are the laws around helmets in California?
Under California state law, anyone under the age of 18 must wear a helmet. All riders of class 3 eBIkes must wear a helmet regardless of age.
What are the rules for riding on the roads in California?
Electric bikes may be ridden on roads as far right as practical. Electric bikes are not allowed on dedicated bike paths unless the path runs adjacent to a roadway or is posted to allow motorized bicycles.
What are the rules for riding on the trails in California?
Class 3 electric bicycles are not allowed on any bicycle path or trail, bikeway, equestrian trail, or hiking or recreational trail, unless it is within or adjacent to a roadway or unless the local authority or the governing body of a public agency having jurisdiction over the path or trail permits them by ordinance.
Disclaimer:
Laws and policies can change at any time, rendering the above information outdated and non-applicable. EVELO strongly encourages checking with City, County, State, and other local agencies for the most recent laws governing the proper, legal use of electric bicycles in your area.
Sources:
https://visforvoltage.org/book-page/ev-collaborative-hand-books/1080-electric-bicycle-laws